The report covers the dependencies between population growth and the Sustainable Development Goals, focusing on regions were population numbers are rising fast. The analysis elaborates on the social, economic and environmental implications of population growth. It highlights demographic trends and drivers of population change, namely fertility, mortality and international migration and describes the complex interaction between of population growth and poverty, hunger, health, education and human capital, gender equality, sustained economic growth and decent work. It further investigates the impact of population growth on the environment.